Iskustva škola u pružanju podrške pripravnicima su različita po mnogo čemu: u nekim školama mentor i pripravnik se retko sretnu (jer, recimo, ne rade u istoj školi), u nekima su vrlo često u zajedničkim aktivnostima i posvećeno obavljaju sve svoje dužnosti, negde su pripravnici prepušteni sami sebi, negde su manje motivisani za rad i oni i mentori – svakako da za sve ovo postoje neki razlozi. Kvalitet rada i saradnje mentora i pripravnika zavisi od mnogo faktora među kojima je urađen plan zajedničkog rada jedan od najvažnijih.
Plan (godišnji i mesečni) je sastavni deo pedagoške dokumentacije koju vodi pripravnik, a mentor mu pomaže u njegovoj izradi. Godišnjim planom je obuhvaćeno sve ono što će pripravnik uz pomoć mentora raditi tokom obučavanja za samostalan rad. Plan se donosi odmah na početku pripravničkog staža i pri njegovoj izradi treba uzeti u obzir sve oblasti programa uvođenja u posao pripravnika:
- Planiranje, programiranje, ostvarivanje i vrednovanje obrazovno-vaspitnog rada
- Praćenje razvoja i postignuća učenika
- Saradnja sa kolegama, porodicom i lokalnom zajednicom
- Rad sa učenicima sa smetnjama u razvoju
- Profesionalni razvoj
- Dokumentacija
Program je naveden na kraju Pravilnika o dozvoli za rada nastavnika, vaspitača i stručnih saradnika. Za savaku oblast programa su navedeni ishodi, odnosno znanja, veštine i stavovi koje pripravnik treba da stekne. Ishodi su vrlo konkretni i olakšavaju izbor sadržaja plana rada pripravnika.
Takođe, prilikom izrade plana rada pripravnika treba imati u vidu da, po Pravilniku mentor:
- Pruža pomoć pripravniku u pripremanju i izvođenju obrazovno-vaspitnog rada,
- Prisustvuje obrazovno-vaspitnom radu najmanje 12 časova u toku pripravničkog staža,
- Analizira obrazovno-vaspitni rad u cilju praćenja napredovanja pripravnika,
- Pruža pomoć u pripremi za proveru savladanosti programa,
Pripravnik trba da:
- prisustvuje na 12 časova ili aktivnosti mentora, ili nekih nastavnika koje odredi mentor.
Godišnji i mesečni plan rada pripravnika bi trebalo da ima sadržaj rada, vremensku dinamiku i izvšioce posla. Sadržaje ovih planova čine gore navedene oblasti programa uvođenja u posao pripravnika koje se detaljno razrađuju kroz mesečne planove, uz pomoć navedenih ishoda u svakoj oblasti, i na osnovu ostalih poslova iz godišnjeg plana rada škole po izboru mentora i pripravnika. Veoma je važno da pripravnik dobro upozna godišnji plan rada škole jer su u njemu planirane sve aktivnosti za datu godinu u kojima će i on učestvovati.
Primer godišnjeg plana rada
| Sadržaj rada
|
dinamika
|
izvršioci
|
napomena
|
| Planiranje, programiranje, ostvarivanje i vrednovanje obrazovno-vaspitnog rada (ovde se navode ključne stvari u vezi planiranja, realizacije i vrednovanja svih oblika O-V rada: npr. izrada globalnih i operativnih planova rada pripravnika…, priprema za čas/aktivnost, realizacija obaveznih časova (12 +12), prisustvo dodatnoj, dopunskoj nastavi, čas odeljenskog starešine, izrada didaktičkih srestava itd…
Ključne stvari definišemo iz ishoda ove oblasti, godišnjeg plan arada škole i aktuelnih potreba škole |
odrediti mesece kada će se sadržaji iz oblasti planiranja raditi – pretpostavljam da su to svi meseci u toku školske godine
|
pripravnik je uglavnom izvršilac svih aktivnosti, izuzev realizacije 12 časova mentora kojima prisustvuje pripravnik. Za svaki sadržaj rada mentor pruža pomoć, daje uputstvo šta i kao treba raditi.
|
U nastavku tabele se navode i ostale oblasti uz detaljniju razradu i navođenje sadržaja rada važnih za tu oblast.
Kada se napravi pregledan godišnji plan rada pripravnika, mesečne planove nije teško sročiti, jer su smernice za njih navedene u godišnjim.
Ovo je samo predlog jednog plana rada mentora. Naravno, svaki mentor i pripravnik imaju slobodu da urade plan po svojim principima i potrebama. Važno je da tokom staža pripravnik upozna i nauči sve ono što će mu biti potrebno da kvalitetno radi sa svojim učenicima. A to će lakše postići ukoliko ima mentora koji mu pomaže da napravi sadržajan plan rada sa preciznim rokovima uz pomoć propisanog programa uvođenja u posao nastavnika, vaspitača i stručnog saradnika (Pravilnik).
Na osnovu mog iskustva pripravnici koji nisu dobijali pomoć na ovaj način, uz detaljno urađen plan rada i koji su nasumično dobijali podršku od svojih kolega su imali puno nedoumica tokom pripremanja ispita za licencu, a na samom ispitu su delovali nesigurno.
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